Sciences

@article{BR2017,
title = {Yoga, Meditation and Mind-Body Health: Increased BDNF, Cortisol Awakening Response, and Altered Inflammatory Marker Expression after a 3-Month Yoga and Meditation Retreat},
author = {B. Rael Cahn, Matthew S. Goodman, Christine T. Peterson, Raj Maturi and Paul J. Mills},
editor = {Rebecca Thwing Emeny, Geisel School of Medicine, United States},
url = {http://www.du-meditation-nice.fr/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/B.-Rael-Cahn-Yoga-Meditation-and-Mind-Body-Health-Increased-BDNF-Cortisol-Awakening-Response-and-Altered-Inflammatory-Marker-Expression-2017.pdf},
doi = {10.3389/fnhum.2017.00315},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-06-26},
journal = {Front. Hum. Neurosci.},
volume = {11},
number = {315},
abstract = {Thirty-eight individuals (mean age: 34.8 years old) participating in a 3-month yoga and meditation retreat were assessed before and after the intervention for psychometric measures, brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), circadian salivary cortisol levels, and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Participation in the retreat was found to be associated with decreases in self-reported anxiety and depression as well as increases in mindfulness. As hypothesized, increases in the plasma levels of BDNF and increases in the magnitude of the cortisol awakening response (CAR) were also observed. The normalized change in BDNF levels was inversely correlated with BSI-18 anxiety scores at both the pre-retreat (r = 0.40, p < 0.05) and post-retreat (r = 0.52, p < 0.005) such that those with greater anxiety scores tended to exhibit smaller pre- to post-retreat increases in plasma BDNF levels. In line with a hypothesized decrease in inflammatory processes resulting from the yoga and meditation practices, we found that the plasma level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine Interleukin-10 was increased and the pro-inflammatory cytokine Interleukin-12 was reduced after the retreat. Contrary to our initial hypotheses, plasma levels of other pro-inflammatory cytokines, including Interferon Gamma (IFN-γ), Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF-α), Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and Interleukin-8 (IL-8) were increased after the retreat. Given evidence from previous studies of the positive effects of meditative practices on mental fitness, autonomic homeostasis and inflammatory status, we hypothesize that these findings are related to the meditative practices throughout the retreat; however, some of the observed changes may also be related to other aspects of the retreat such as physical exercise-related components of the yoga practice and diet. We hypothesize that the patterns of change observed here reflect mind-body integration and well-being. The increased BDNF levels observed is a potential mediator between meditative practices and brain health, the increased CAR is likely a reflection of increased dynamic physiological arousal, and the relationship of the dual enhancement of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine changes to healthy immunologic functioning is discussed.},
keywords = {BDNF, cortisol, inflammation, inflammatory markers, méditation, stress, yoga},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@mastersthesis{Colombel2016,
title = {Apport de la Mindfulness Basée sur la Compassion et l’Insight (MBCI) dans la pratique des thérapeutes},
author = {Marine Colombel},
url = {http://www.du-meditation-nice.fr/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Apport-de-la-Mindfulness-Basée-sur-la-Compassion-et-l’Insight-MBCI-dans-la-pratique-des-thérapeutes-2016.pdf},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-10-04},
school = {Faculté de Médecine de Caen},
abstract = {Introduction :

La mindfulness se développe depuis quelques années en Europe. Elle s‟avère
être un outil psychothérapeutique prometteur chez les patients suivis en psychiatrie. Cette
approche a fait ses preuves pour développer les capacités d‟empathie, de compassion et de
gestion des émotions, facteurs composant l‟alliance thérapeutique. La mindfulness peut-elle
améliorer la pratique des thérapeutes ? L‟objectif principal de ce travail est d‟évaluer l‟impact
de la MBCI (Mindfulness basée sur la compassion et l‟insight) sur les facteurs d‟alliance
thérapeutique suivants : la compassion, l‟empathie et les capacités d‟attention du thérapeute.
L‟objectif secondaire est d‟évaluer l‟effet de la MBCI sur la gestion des émotions, des affects
et du stress du thérapeute.

Méthode :

Nous avons évalué chez un groupe de thérapeutes les scores de compassion
(échelle SCS-SF), d‟empathie (échelle JSPE), les capacité d‟attention (échelle MAAS),
l‟acceptation des émotions (échelle AAQ II) et le niveau de stress (échelle DAS 21) avant et
après la formation au premier cycle de MBCI. Cette formation a eu lieu à Caen, sur 10 mois
de mai 2015 à février 2016. Les moyennes à chaque échelle avant et après la formation ont été
comparées par un test t de Student.

Résultats :

16 thérapeutes ont été inclus dans cette étude. A l‟issue de la formation MBCI, la
moyenne du score d‟auto-compassion (échelle SCS-SF) a augmenté de 22% (p<0.01). Le
score de niveau de stress (échelle DAS 21) a diminué de 23% (p<0.02). Tous les thérapeutes
ont initié une pratique quotidienne de la méditation, avec une moyenne de 14 minutes de
pratique par jour.

Conclusion :

Cette étude met en évidence un apport bénéfique de la méditation dans la
pratique des thérapeutes. Elle encourage à promouvoir cette pratique chez les praticiens pour
leur bien-être professionnel.},
keywords = {alliance thérapeutique, burn-out, compassion, empathie, insight, méditation, mindfulness, pleine conscience, stress, thérapeutes},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {mastersthesis}
}

@article{Ngô2013,
title = {Revue des effets de la méditation de pleine conscience sur la santé mentale et physique et sur ses mécanismes d’action},
author = {Thanh-Lan Ngô},
editor = {Département de psychiatrie de l’Université de Montréal},
url = {http://www.du-meditation-nice.fr/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Ngô-Thanh-Lan-Revue-des-effets-de-la-méditation-de-pleine-conscience-2013.pdf},
doi = {10.7202/1023988ar},
issn = {1708-3923},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-09-01},
journal = {Santé mentale au Québec},
volume = {38},
number = {2},
pages = {p. 19–34},
abstract = {Review of the effects of mindfulness meditation on mental and physical health and its mechanisms of action

Interventions based on mindfulness have become increasingly popular. This article reviews the empirical literature on its effects on mental and physical health, discusses presumed mechanisms of action as well as its proposed neurobiological underpinning. Mindfulness is associated with increased well-being as well as reduced cognitive reactivity and behavioral avoidance. It seems to contribute to enhance immune functions, diminish inflammation, diminish the reactivity of the autonomic nervous system, increase telomerase activity, lead to higher levels of plasmatic melatonin and serotonin. It enhances the quality of life for patients suffering from chronic pain, fibromylagia and HIV infection. It facilitates adaptation to the diagnosis of cancer and diabetes. It seems to lead to symptomatic improvement in irritable bowel syndrome, chronic fatigue syndrome, hot flashes, insomnia, stress related hyperphagia. It diminishes craving in substance abuse. The proposed mechanism of action are enhanced metacognitive conscience, interoceptive exposure, experiential acceptance, self-management, attention control, memory, relaxation. Six mechanism of actions for which neurological underpinnings have been published are: attention regulation (anterior cingulate cortex), body awareness (insula, temporoparietal junction), emotion regulation (modulation of the amygdala by the lateral prefrontal cortex), cognitive re-evaluation (activation of the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex or diminished activity in prefrontal regions), exposure/extinction/reconsolidation (ventromedial prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala) and flexible self-concept (prefrontal median cortex, posterior cingulated cortex, insula, temporoparietal junction). The neurobiological effects of meditation are described. These are: (1) the deactivation of the default mode network that generates spontaneous thoughts, contributes to the maintenance of the autobiographical self and is associated with anxiety and depression; (2) the anterior cingulate cortex that underpins attention functions; (3) the anterior insula associated with the perception of visceral sensation, the detection of heartbeat and respiratory rate, and the affective response to pain; (4) the posterior cingulate cortex which helps to understand the context from which a stimulus emerges; (5) the temporoparietal junction which assumes a central role in empathy and compassion; (6) the amygdala implicated in fear responses. The article ends with a short review of the empirical basis supporting the efficacy for mindfulness based intervention and suggested directions for future research.},
keywords = {attention, intervention, mécanisme, méditation, mindfulness, neuroscience, pleine conscience, régulation des émotions, stress},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Bondolfi2011,
title = {Les approches psychothérapeutiques basées sur la pleine conscience (mindfulness)},
author = {Guido Bondolfi, Françoise Jermann, Ariane Zermatten},
editor = {Médecine & Hygiène},
url = {http://www.du-meditation-nice.fr/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Bondolfi-Guido-Les-approches-psychothérapeutiques-basées-sur-la-pleine-conscience-mindfulness2011.pdf},
doi = {10.3917/psys.113.0167},
isbn = {0251-737X},
year = {2011},
date = {2011-01-01},
journal = {Psychothérapies},
volume = {31},
number = {3},
pages = {167 - 174},
abstract = {Les approches basées sur la méditation de pleine conscience (mindfulness) connaissent un développement considérable dans le champ des psychothérapies, depuis la création par Jon Kabat-Zinn d’un programme pour la réduction du stress (MBSR) dans les années 1970.
Dans cet article, nous décrivons les principales applications thérapeutiques de ces approches et les processus pouvant expliquer leur utilité clinique, notamment dans la régulation émotionnelle. Nous présentons également les résultats des études de validation empirique, et évoquons l’intérêt croissant pour la méditation et la pleine conscience dans le domaine de la recherche en neurosciences.},
keywords = {mindfulness, pleine conscience, psychothérapie},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}